INFICON Supports Volcano Research
Innovative Technologies for Monitoring on Vulcano and Stromboli
Volcanic eruptions are among the most impressive natural phenomena, capable of drastically altering landscapes and posing threats to both humans and wildlife. To improve the prediction of such events, INFICON has been working since June 2022 with international research institutions on the Italian islands of Vulcano and Stromboli. The goal is to gain a better understanding of volcanic activity through geochemical measurements, ultimately enabling more reliable eruption forecasts.
Research on Vulcano
Vulcano, one of the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, serves as the main research site. Known for its volcanic activity and distinctive sulfur odor, the island is an ideal location for collaboration between INFICON, the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), NASA, and other international partners. Researchers continuously measure gas emissions from the earth, including CO₂, H₂S, SO₂, and helium, to determine the composition and pressure of the magma. Such data provide valuable insights into the amount and movement of magma, helping to better assess the risk of an impending volcanic eruption.
Progress Through Technology
INFICON’s portable gas analyzers and leak detection technologies play a central role in monitoring these gases. These instruments enable direct, real-time measurements of gases at or near the crater. Designed to withstand extreme conditions, the devices reliably deliver accurate data, transmitted wirelessly in real-time, even in challenging environments. "Our devices enable the measurement of noble gases such as helium, which was rarely possible in past volcanic studies," explains Emre Germen, Market Manager at INFICON. The data collected offers valuable information about magma activity beneath the surface.
A key focus of the research is continuous monitoring. INFICON's technology allows for real-time tracking of changes in gas composition and flow, helping to detect early signs of increased volcanic activity. "The monitoring of released gases is a tool for quantifying the amount of degassing magma," say Italian researchers Fabio Vita, Salvatore Inguaggiato, and Lorenzo Calderone from INGV in Palermo.
Operating Under Extreme Conditions
Conditions on Vulcano are challenging: rugged landscapes, gas emissions, and high temperatures at the crater rim make the work difficult. However, INFICON’s mobile instruments have proven to be reliable tools. Their advanced technology allows them to operate in remote areas without power supply, using solar panels and batteries.
Collaboration for the Future
INFICON works closely with local volcanologists to track the degassing processes of the volcanoes. The data collected is not only valuable for scientific research but also contributes to the calibration and validation of satellite instruments. The findings from Vulcano and Stromboli serve as reference systems for monitoring other volcanoes worldwide. With INFICON's data, satellites such as NASA’s HyspIRI satellite instrument can be better calibrated, allowing for more comprehensive monitoring of global volcanic activity.
Importance for Civil Protection
Through continuous monitoring and analysis of the gases, INFICON’s instruments play a vital role in civil protection. Changes in gas composition can signal increasing activity and help civil protection agencies take timely precautionary measures. "Our goal is not only to advance scientific research but also to contribute to the protection of people living near active volcanoes," concludes Germen, emphasizing the significance of the project.
With its advanced technology and collaboration with leading research institutions worldwide, INFICON is setting new standards in monitoring volcanic activities. The insights gained aim to help predict volcanic eruptions more accurately and minimize risks for affected populations in the long term.
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